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  • In Search of Blue Waters and Beautiful Baskets

    Indonesia has been at the top of my bucket list for many years now. It has the perfect combination of religious diversity, beautiful beaches, indigenous communities, artisan handicraft, and over 17,000 islands to explore. It’s been sitting on the back-burner for years now because I was too overwhelmed when reading the guidebooks and travel blogs to even know where to start. There were just too many places to explore for one trip. The waiting paid off, though. My friend, Jennifer, went to Bali last year and rented a villa in the northern region for a month so she could relax, unwind, work and rejuvenate. She loved the villa and the staff so much that she bought it. So, decision made… Bali it was!

    We decided to spend a month at her villa and use that as a home base to explore the surrounding areas. Villa Sedang was a three bedroom, three and half bath stunning space with an infinity pool and a staff of eight. It was situated right on the ocean in a village called Kalisada. The nearest tourist spot was about 30 minutes away in Lovina Beach. We arrived and settled right in. I could not believe the view. The villa had a completely unobstructed view from the front door entrance all the way to the ocean and black sand beach. I knew this was going to be a place I could relax after several long days of travel. We spent the first week getting to know the village, walking around the beach, shopping and eating in Lovina, trekking through the rice paddies, and snorkeling and scuba diving at Menjangan Island.

    Our trek was spectacular and organized by a local community-based tourism initiative known as Mayong Green. Locals in the village acted as guides and explained how the rice paddies were harvested, took us through traditional homes, introduced us to families, and let us try locally grown fruits. Mayong Green creates jobs in the village and with every guest, a donation is granted to projects in the community. It was blazing hot walking through those rice paddies, but it was my first experience doing so, and I couldn’t get enough of the lush, green surroundings, especially knowing that my tour was making a difference to the people I was meeting. Our guides, Putu and Komang, were great. They held our hands as we slid down the hills and then caught us before we could tumble into the river or damage the crops. It was clear that we had stepped into a completely different world.

    On Menjangan Island, we arranged a day out on the water with Arrows Dive and spent hours exploring the beautiful coral reef walls in an underwater paradise. While I had my PADI diving certification, I felt just plain rotten at diving and preferred to snorkel. Snorkeling around off the shores of Menjangan Island was the best snorkeling I had ever experienced. The bright yellow and blue corals, giant purple clams and multitudes of brightly colored fish were breathtaking. Lately, snorkeling had become my sanctuary when I needed to unplug and turn off all the noise. Nowhere above water had I felt so much serenity. The pure quiet seemed to lovingly wrap itself around me and I felt an overwhelming sense of peace when I took off on my own and glided through the water. At the end of the day, we motored back to the harbor and I sat back and took in the mountains that surrounded us on every side. It was some of the most beautiful scenery I had ever seen.

    After a week of staying close to the villa, it was time to pack a bag and get on the road. We traveled down to Ubud – the hub of tourist activity on the island – and checked into an Airbnb located directly across from the Monkey Forest. The next four days were spent shopping, shopping… and shopping. Hence, the reason I ended up paying more in baggage fees than on my plane ticket!

    Ubud is a charming town full of handicraft markets, trendy boutiques, quaint cafes and a splash of Western influence. Owning a fair trade company makes me constantly intrigued by new ideas and products in this industry, and Bali is known as one of the best places on Earth to source beautiful, handmade products. We scoured the markets for new ideas and samples, and of course we got charmed into buying a few things for ourselves. On several days, we went to the outskirts of Ubud to see the artisans in their actual workshops. We visited artisans making baskets, wood furniture, glassware, silver jewelry, statues and stunning textiles. I was thoroughly impressed by the talent around me. I often find so much joy in watching simple natural resources being turned into gorgeous, relevant products for house and home, (and at prices that seemed criminal!). Jennifer found huge wooden statues, glassware, giant baskets, paintings and more at a fraction of what the cost would be in the United States. And I was happy to find colorful rugs, wall hangings, blessing baskets, and wood products that barely fit into my luggage.

    Following Ubud, we spent a night in Sanur and caught the fast boat to the Gili Islands. The fast boat was more like a third class cattle car you would see in India. It was downright horrible, and even though we purchased a ticket ahead of time, we were left without a seat… for two hours. We pushed through and finally arrived at Gili Air to be met by tons of horse drawn carts waiting to take us to our hotel. These islands don’t have cars, which means they have an abundance of fresh air, no traffic and no annoying horn honking to deal with. You can bet we breathed a sigh of relief to these discoveries. We loaded our luggage onto one of the horse carts and began the journey to Sunrise Resort. This boutique hotel sat right on the beach, had a great restaurant, and provided accommodations for all budgets: backpacker to private suite. The only thing missing was WiFi (the entire island lacked WiFi, so we were encouraged to truly unplug for the five nights we were staying). Anyone who knows me or has traveled with me knows this is incredibly difficult for me. Whenever I am exploring a new destination, I am always anxious to post on social media to inspire others to travel. I enjoy telling my story right away in the hope that someone else will go out and have their own adventure and tell their own story. But, alas, I powered through.

    The Gili Islands are made up of three islands: Gili Trawangan is the biggest and most popular island. This is where most of the tourism in the area is centered. There is an abundance of beach clubs, restaurants, dive shops, boutiques and spas. Basically, there is never a dull moment in Gili T. The second biggest island is where we were staying, Gili Air. This island is closest to Lombok, has great diving, and is relatively quiet compared to Gili T. A favorite activity of those staying on Gili Air is to rent bicycles and ride around the entire island. We did this one morning and were delighted to discover fun beach shacks, reggae bars and beautiful green spaces hidden along the path. The smallest of the islands is called Gili Meno. This island is where you are most likely to interact with the local population as there are limited numbers of hotels and restaurants. This is the island to choose when you want to escape it all and really connect to the village and its culture. It was beautiful and relaxing and genuine in a way the other two islands weren’t.

    Our time in the Gili Islands was perfect. We snorkeled at the reef right off of the beach in Gili Air. We had fresh seafood meals every evening: calamari, king prawns, black snapper and lots of tuna. We lounged on our private rooftop patio and read books to our hearts’ content. We then hired Captain John and his boat to take us to explore the other two islands. There was no shortage of beachfront massages in Gili Trawangan. A highlight of our time there was swimming with a beautiful sea turtle that Captain John led us to. This was a first for me, and I was in complete awe at how agile and serene the creature was under the water. I could have followed it for hours. We then walked the entire island and met with locals in Gili Meno while sipping on fresh fruit smoothies. We also plotted our return trip to the deserted beaches we found dotting the coastline of this less visited island.

    On our last full day, we decided to hire Captain John and his boat again to take us to Lombok to go in search of artisans. Lombok is famous for artisan products, and we wanted to see for ourselves what was being produced. The shore of Lombok was alive with beautiful green trees, fishing boats and women and children awaiting our arrival. As we pulled onto the shore, I felt flutter of excitement about our adventure. Our first stop was to an artisan village where every household was equipped with a loom to weave colorful textiles – rugs, scarves, sarongs, wall hangings and more. We stopped at a few places to see the process and then settled on entering into serious negotiations. One cooperative in particular caught our eye. We loved that it was specifically a women’s weaving cooperative. From making the products to merchandising the wares to the battle of the sale, everything was determined by fiercely talented and independent women. I bought meters and meters of fabric to take back to Kenya to make into pillow and cushion covers for a few hotels and dhows I work with. I knew they would be completely enamored with the colors and designs. After the deal was struck, we shared a Lombok coffee and my friend and I moved on to go in search of pottery. We discovered several pottery workshops where handmade vases, candleholders and cookware were being processed. Again, the entire village was set up to produce products for the international market. We even saw hundreds of boxes destined for Pier 1 in the United States containing gorgeous human-sized outdoor vases. We wrapped up the day in Lombok with a seafood lunch on the beach in the tourist town of Senggigi.

    As our time in the Gili Islands and Lombok came to an end, we tried our best to avoid the cattle car fast boat back to Bali and booked with another company promising a quicker boat and better service. Needless to say, the trip took just as long and was even hotter than the ride over. We did have actual seats this time, but the bad experience of the boat rides to and from Bali were enough to have us looking for plane tickets, helicopters or private charter boats for the next visit. Fast boat transfers were not for the faint of heart!

    We returned to Villa Sedang for another week of village immersion and local activities. Once I was recovered from the Gili Islands excursion, I started designing a village tour with the Villa Sedang staff members to benefit the local community. The tour would act as an income-generator for local projects and serve as an introduction to the area for guests to the villa. Villa Sedang staff, Ari and Budi, took Jennifer and me around the village to show us potential stops. We sampled food from independent food stalls. We stopped into the community center to see a school assembly. We visited a temple dedicated to water. We witnessed the process of harvesting rice. And we visited with a local family in their home. Once we returned to the villa, we hashed out an itinerary and a plan to promote the tour to villa guests. It was important that we stressed the impact it would have on the village and the projects that would be funded through it: coral conservation, beach cleanup, and recycling. It was so fun making this idea a reality. The best part of the entire process, though, was watching Ari’s eyes light up when he realized that through running this tour, he could play a real role in bringing change to his village, his family and his neighbors.

    With only a few days left in Indonesia, I decided to pick one more place to check out before heading to the airport. I chose Seminyak in the South. When I was researching cafes and coffee shops in Bali, the great majority of the ones on all the “must try” lists seemed to reside in Seminyak, as did the chic boutiques. As soon as we pulled into this area and drove down numerous streets lined with stores, restaurants, markets and spas, I knew I would love wandering aimlessly around the town. Hotels on the beach in Seminyak can be pricey, so I opted for a mid-range place among the hustle and bustle of the shopping area. It was great to be able to walk out of the hotel and immediately have tons to do. I ate at a colorful Vietnamese restaurant for lunch, had tasty gelato for dessert, sipped cappuccinos, and shopped until I couldn’t shop anymore. I took a short stroll on the beach, but the sand was incredibly hot and the waves were a bit too wild, so I returned to my hotel to begin finding space for all of my treasures in the limited luggage.

    On the ride to the airport, I felt conflicted. I found myself not ready to leave; not ready to say goodbye to the warm embrace that had welcomed me to Villa Sedang, and Indonesia in general. I also found myself anxious to leave so that I could start planning more amazing adventures around this insanely beautiful country. Thoughts of Borneo, Java and Sumatra were in my mind as the plane took off, and I eventually fell asleep dreaming of my return.

    Message greeting you at the beachside restaurant at Sunrise Resort in Gili Air

    Kelly Campbell is the co-founder and partner at The Village Experience (a community-tourism organization that brings travelers and community members together to make a difference). She is passionate about connecting with communities around the world and spreading awareness about human rights issues.

    Learn more about Villa Sedang on their Facebook page here.

  • Guide To Gorilla Trekking in Congo

    Guide To Gorilla Trekking in Congo

    Our guide to gorilla trekking in Congo takes travellers through the whole process of trekking the endangered mountain gorillas in Virunga National Park, permit cost, the best time to undertake the adventure, information on booking accommodation and transport, rules and regulations to follow when trekking gorillas, and the packing list for gorilla trekking in Congo.

    In the Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, within the rainforests high on the mountains are the endangered mountain gorillas, one of the most sought-after wildlife species in Africa. These Great Apes live in Virunga National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site gazetted in 1925 and sprawling for over 7800 square kilometers. This Park is home to about 200 gorillas mainly occupying the southern region of the Park.

    Gorilla families and available gorilla Permits for the Democratic Republic of Congo

    Virunga National Park is a haven to about 8 habituated gorilla groups that include Bageni, Humba, Kabirizi, Nyakamwe, Rugendo, Lulengo, Munyaga, and Mapuwa, hence only 64 gorilla permits are availed each day for this Park.

    How to book Congo Gorilla Permits

    Congo gorilla permits are the cheapest (when compared with the other two destinations where Great Apes are tracked) and cost only $400 per person per trek. Gorilla Trekking in Congo is, therefore, the ideal destination for budget and adventure travellers who would be interested in travelling off-the-beaten-path. However, due to continuous rebel attacks within the Eastern part of the country, Congo has been considered very unstable and unsafe with the recent kidnap of British visitors (in 2018) and murder of Park rangers leading to the closure of the Park. However, Virunga National Park was eventually opened for tourism in 2019.

    Regardless of the endless fights, instability, and challenges in gorilla conservation, Virunga National Park is still regarded as a wonderful African treasure in addition to being an extraordinary gorilla trekking destination. This Park takes pride in being one of the first National Parks within the African Continent with rich biodiversity and home to some of the most active Volcanoes in the World.

    Congo Gorilla Permits are only issued by ICCN (Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature) but there are two ways to book for these permits. First, you can book on your own by applying directly to ICCN via the official Virunga National Park website, email, phone, or reaching their Head Offices in Kinshasa. This process is however more cumbersome and frustrating as sometimes it becomes difficult to get to them and even when you do, the reply is not always guaranteed in addition to some permits being set aside for direct sales.

    The second way to book for Congo Gorilla Permits is through a trusted Tour Operator or Travel Agency. A number of Tour Operators in Uganda and Rwanda usually book over 80% of these permits, with visitors charged a commission of ($50-100) for administrative expenses. However, this commission is relinquished when you book the entire gorilla safari with them.

    How gorilla trekking adventures are conducted in Virunga National Park

    Gorilla Trekking in Congo is usually an all-day adventure with an early morning start. A typical day starts at about 7:00 am with registration and orientation at the Bukima Ranger Post. Park trackers always go ahead to find the location of each habituated gorilla group and their general distance from the briefing point. Your level of physical fitness and personal interest will determine which gorilla group you can be assigned to and the length of the trek.

    After the orientation, you will walk or be driven to the starting point where the trek begins at 8:00 am, depending on the exact location of the gorilla group you will be trekking.

    Hike for 1-5 hours before you finally find your assigned gorilla group and in some cases, it takes even the entire day before you reach the gorilla group. The scenery in Virunga National Park is incredibly beautiful and the hike to find mountain gorillas is just part of your experience. Always make sure to move at your comfortable pace and keep hydrated at all times especially at higher altitudes.

    As you start approaching the gorilla group, rangers will request you to leave your bags as you get closer to the gorillas. The moment you make contact, you will be allowed to spend one full hour with the mountain gorillas. You will see them munching on Bamboo shoots, grooming each other, resting, hanging on trees, mating, playing and mothers breastfeeding their young ones. Every gorilla trekking experience in Congo is exceptional thus make use of your one hour to enjoy this once-in-a-lifetime experience.

    Even when gorillas are on the move, you will move along with them as long as you maintain the minimum distance of 7 meters. There are instances of them approaching visitors but don’t feel frightened but instead slowly move back. Your guides are experienced and will be of great help in answering all your questions about the mountain gorillas, the rainforest, and other wildlife and bird species of the Park. These guides intimately know each gorilla group and can even identify each of them by their individual names and personalities.

    How difficult is gorilla trekking?

    Gorilla trekking is generally a physically demanding activity with visitors expected to walk through muddy trails, dense forests, and thickets thus it is important to always be prepared both emotionally and physically. The mist and abrupt or unexpected rains sometimes mean that hikes are slippery and at times muddy. However, porters can be hired to carry your backpack and camera equipment in addition to adding humor and excitement to the adventure.

    Important Gorilla Trekking guidelines in Virunga National Park

    When trekking gorillas in Congo, there is a need to follow the important trekking guidelines issued during a briefing at the Ranger post. Some of these guidelines include following the minimum trekking age limit of 15 years, spending only one hour in the presence of the mountain gorillas after hours of finding them, visiting each habituated gorilla family in a group of not more than 8 persons, maintaining a minimum distance of 7 meters when observing and taking photos of these Great Apes, keeping voices low while trekking or observing them, avoiding the use of flash photography, not drinking, eating or smoking while in the presence of mountain gorillas, first washing hands before embarking on gorilla treks, not littering the forest and keeping any rubbish or food leftovers to yourself and most importantly avoiding direct eye contact with the gorillas.

    Best time for Gorilla Trekking in Congo

    The Democratic Republic of Congo can be visited all year round although the best months to trek gorillas are June to September all the way to February. Most travellers opt to visit these Great Apes when the rain is reduced and the sun is shining through the jungle. December is the busiest month for Virunga National Park and it is prudent to book for the Congo Gorilla Safari. Much as the rainy season affects many plans and engagements, it doesn’t mean that the scheduled gorilla trek will completely not happen. Therefore even during the rainy season, the sun appears after a heavy downpour hence gorilla treks can go on without interruption.

    Safari lodges also offer discounted rates during the rainy/low season as a gesture to attract more visitors.

    What to pack and wear for Congo Gorilla Trekking

    Your typical day of trekking Congo gorillas is long and fairly difficult while mornings and evenings in Virunga National Park are cold. Packing and wearing the right gear/equipment will make your day remarkable and unforgettable. Have a portable backpack for carrying a lunch box, drinking water, and rain jacket during the trek, Strong hiking boots with extra ankle support for muddy and rocky terrain, a long-sleeved shirt for protection from insects, stinging nettles and sunshine, lunch box, long cotton socks, rain jacket, first aid kit with plasters, antiseptic wipes, rehydration sachets, anti-histamine cream and tablets, pair of binoculars, sunglasses, and sunscreen, camera, gardening gloves to protect your hands, a warm sweater for cold mornings and evenings, hiking pants and many others.

    How to get to Virunga National Park

    Virunga National Park is about 19 miles to the west of Goma Town, Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. Most travellers to this destination usually jet into Kigali International Airport and catch the 4-5 hour road trip to the Goma-Gisenyi border crossing then continue to Virunga the same or the next day. Alternatively, flights can land at Congo’s Goma International Airport then continue by road.

  • Getting Around Milan: Metro, Bus and Tram

    Getting Around Milan: Metro, Bus and Tram

    The public transport company in Milan (ATM) is very efficient, at least for the Italian standards. Four metro lines (soon to be 5), tram, buses, trolley-buses, and the passante ferroviario (overground metropolitan train), connect the whole city.

    The trolleybus runs along a ring road surrounding the city centre (circonvallazione) and runs also during the night, with only a gap between 2am and 4am. It will probably be your only chance to get back home before dawn after a night out but it has a horrible reputation so look out. Even though it looks pretty rough I don’t think it’s that dangerous, however I would recommend a lone female traveller to avoid it.

    How much is the ticket?

    The single fare costs 1,50 euro and it’s valid for all the urban lines. It’s valid for 90 minutes, during which you can have only one journey on the metro and unlimited use of the overground lines (bus, tram, trolleybus).

    Other options are the 24 hours pass (€4,50), 48 hours pass (€8,25) and a 10 tickets carnet (€13,80). There’s also a 2×6 formula, that works as having 2 single tickets a day, for 6 days in a week. This is normally used by commuters working in the city. You might find it useful to know, especially if purchasing the ticket at the newsagent, that the “pass” is called “abbonamento“. You can find more detailed information here.

    RicaricaMi

    If you’re staying for a longer period you might consider purchasing the top-up card called ricaricaMI. Like the Oyster Card in London you can top it up with both single tickets and any of the passes listed above; it costs €2,50 and includes a single ticket. It will save lots of paper, think of the environment! (yes, I know, the stations are paved with used tickets but someone should set the example).

    ATM Travel Card

    If your engagement with Milan is going to last for a few months you might want to get a travel card. It costs €10 and you’ll need a passport sized photo, that will be horribly warped by the software that prints your face on the plastic card. So don’t bother, your hair is fine just like that.

    The car can be topped up with a weekly pass (€11,20) or a monthly pass (€30), students and under26 will get a good discount. See all the details on this page on the ATM website.

    Plan your journey with GiroMilano (opens official Milan Transport site)

    Milan city centre public transport map: Metro, Bus, Tram (PDF)

    The updated Metro Map including the Passante:

    Bicycle and bike sharing in Milan

    There’s nothing better than a good ol’ bicycle to get yourself around Milan. The city is small and completely flat and you’ll be whirring from one side to another at incredible speed. You might not be faster than the metro but it’s a fair competition with the buses, which normally get stuck in the traffic. The only downside is that some paved streets will make your brain bounce inside your skull. It can be hard work avoiding cars, pedestrians and tram rails on a paved street. And if the road is wet…you’d better be very sober!

    [box type=”bio”] You can rent bikes through the city bike sharing program, very useful in the city centre.[/box]

    But if you want to invest on your very own velocipede you might want to go for a second hand. You’ll find some bargains on the second-hand websites or you can google “ciclofficina” and find the nearest where you can go and put together your own custom bike…or fix it when needed. These are bike laboratories set up mostly by university students or by autonomous associations.

    You can take your bike on the metro and on the passante ferroviario. Technically rush hour is off-limits but if the station is not too busy nobody will complain.

    If you’re looking for a place to stay in Milan, a room or a flat on Airbnb might be your best bet. Cheaper than hotel, comfier than most hostels, you will be staying in a private house in areas where locals live for real. And you will be able to see why Milan has such a reputation for interior design…
    Sign up clicking the link above to have £25/$33 off your first booking!

    Taxi in Milan

    Taxi drivers don’t enjoy a great worldwide reputation, and Milan is no exception. A taxi ride can be more expensive than expected, especially when compared to the size of the city and the cost of public transport.
    But when there are no other options you can use a taxi app (TaxiYoo, TaxiMilano, MyTaxi) or call the unique number that will put you in contact with the first available taxi from any company.

    Or you can Uber it, if you sign up to the service clicking the link below you get money off your first ride

  • Sunday Along the Wall

    Planning a normal Sunday out in Berlin doesn’t usually consider anything before lunch time. In a city where even during the week people start sipping their coffees never before 9am it’s safe to assume that Sunday morning doesn’t exist. It did though for me and my friend Totò who insanely booked a flight back home departing at noon. We hence woke up a few minutes after having laid down and headed to the Kaffeebar for a robust dose of caffeine, served in form of a flat white so good that put immediately this café in my favourite ones.

    Alltag in der DDR @ Kulturbrauerei

    Knaackstraße 97, Prenzlauer Berg

    After breakfast I saw my friend off to the U-Bahn station and plan to go to the Kulturbrauerei. In this remarkable building an exhibition has been recently opened, exactly one week after my last visit. It’s called Alltag in der DDR (Everyday life in the GDR), it’s free and offers a rich display of objects, footage and stories to paint an accurate picture of that life was in East Germany. It would have been a perfect warm up before my Wall-filled afternoon plan, but I decided to go back to bed and postpone the visit to the next day. Of course the museum is closed on Monday.
    On this page you can find the opening times and even a video.

    Currywurst at Konnopke Imbiss

    Currywurst under the rail tracks

    Lunch and bratwurst

    To get closer to the area I intended to visit in the afternoon I perfectly planned a lunch at the famous Konnopke Imbiss. I missed it at my first visit in Berlin, I couldn’t fail now. I’ve already gave it a first scan a few days earlier, peeping through the big windows and drooling on the pavement. That juicy currywurst (apparently the best in Berlin?) with a rich side of chips would have surely saved me from my hangover.
    But another disruption of my plans was on the way: two friends of mine invited me to a park to assist to the most important world competition of Fistball, which a sort of proto-volley where people in a field punch the hell out of a ball throwing it across a rather low net. I couldn’t miss such opportunity so I headed off to Wedding, mainly attracted by the prospective of cheap BBQ. It was really worth it: the grilled steak was juicy, the sport was really entertaining and I was surrounded by Germans, a rare occurrence in Berlin.

    Mauerpark

    A Sunday afternoon in Berlin would be wasted for me if I don’t go to the Mauerpark, and so we did after the exciting Fistball finals. If you followed to my plan and went to Konnopke Imbiss it would be a short walk to the Mauerpark. The park, a former rail interchange turned death strip now hosts a massive flea market selling everything from antiques to local art and cheap clothes, ideal for stocking up on souvenirs and postcards, while the other side of the park is dotted with live bands. One edge is still marked by a stretch of Wall, where graffiti constantly change. But the arena is where the main act happens: the Bearpit Karaoke, an event started only five years ago but became an institution attracting every Sunday thousands of people. The rules are simple: singers signs up, choosing a song and, one by one, are called to sing and humiliate themselves in front of a roaring crowd. Why so many people want to do that to themselves will always remain a mystery to me. We enjoyed most of it, the best ones are always those outstanding, either outstandingly good or crap, but all of them gave me the satisfying pleasure of sneering sarcastic comments. However here I learnt that the difference between public humiliation and crowd-pleasing triumph doesn’t necessarily depend on the vocal skills but, mostly, in the confidence in delivering the performance.

    Before entering the park we sensibly bought some cheap beer at the only Spätkauf in the area, just around the corner in Oderberger Str. Opposite to it there is the Bonanza coffee heroes where, in case you just woke up and skipped all of the above, you will be brought back to life by the skilled baristas with some of the highest quality I’ve ever tried.

    Wall memorial, Bernauer Strasse, Berlin

    The Wall memorial and the Sky above Berlin

    Bernauer straße Wall memorial

    Once the party was over I thought it would be wise to set back to that gloomy mood that’s very much appropriate to a Sunday evening. Walking east after leaving the park, I quickly reached the beginning of the Bernauerstraße memorial (or Gedenkstätte, which became one of my favourite German words), that reaches all the way to Nordbanhof, 1.5Km down the road.
    Part of the original Wall is preserved or, when not, it’s replaced by countless iron rods. As simple as it is, I found it the most dramatic testimonial of that era: with its intact and graffiti-less concrete slabs, and the death strip left empty as it was, it gives a very realistic idea of what it must have meant to have a wall running all along the road in front of your house. Or maybe not because I cannot even get close to thinking what it means to take the decision of leaving all your life behind and jump off the window of your house as the wall is being erected, to be safe on the other side.

    Jazz and cigarettes @ Manouche

    Grimmstraße 23
    Tue – Fri 17:00 – 00:00, Sat – Sun 15:30 – 00:00

    I abandoned the wall memorial as dusk was suitably settling like a thick silk blanket on Bernauer Straße and, with a head full of thoughts, I head back to Kreuzberg. My feet instinctively steered me towards the Manouche, a sweet little spot not far from the Landwehrkanal. Barely visible from the street, it’s a cosy basement bar with a vaguely French atmosphere, serving delicious crêpes and, generally, good mood. On most Sunday nights they have live jazz music in one of the two back rooms, in which case it gets very crowded and smoky.

  • Berlin Dark History: 2 Days with the Stasi

    Berlin Dark History: 2 Days with the Stasi

    The Stasi, the most efficient and merciless secret police service or our times, had been dominating East Germany in terror for 40 years.  However there is little coverage around it, and museums dedicated to its history are far from the city centre, kept away like a shameful secret. Here’s a list of places you could, and should visit, to learn more about how life was in the DDR.

    Day 1


    DDR Museum

    Address: Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 1, 10178 Berlin
    Opening Hours: Sun-Fri 10am – 8pm / Sat 10am – 10pm
    Phone: +49 30 847123731 / Website
    Tickets: €6 / €4

    Let’s have a light start here: after breakfast head to the DDR museum, located near the museum island, opposite the Cathedral. This is an interactive museum where you can learn and experience directly how was life in the DDR. There are photos, and videos, examples of real life jobs and salaries, there’s a kitchen and a living room where you can sit, watch the telly and use the phone. There are lots of drawers to open, things to move, games to do… some people will probably still remember queuing after those two guys for two hours while they unsuccessfully tried to write their name in Russian. They have a few sections dedicated to Stasi, providing the most important fact and offering a reproduction of an interrogation room and a prison cell. They also offer guided tours in 15 different languages.
    It’s conveniently located in the city centre, informative and safe for families. If you want to know more details and you’re not afraid of walking right where evil really happened, keep on with the tour!

    Stasi Ausstellung

    Address: Zimmerstraße 90, 10117 Berlin
    Opening Hours: Mon-Fri 10am – 6pm
    Phone: +49 30 232450 / Website (in german) / email
    Tickets: Free!

    A 30 minutes stroll from the DDR Museum, or a quick bus ride, and we’re in this sweet little exhibition which will educate us on everything about Stasi. Not to be confused with the proper Stasi Museum, it’s very neat and comprehensive, basically a 3D lecture on the infamous secret police. It’s quite hidden away, few steps away from Checkpoint Charlie and dangerously on the border of the tacky funfair the area is being turned into. Fence off the tourists, herded from their tour buses to the souvenir shops and the iconic selfie locations, pass by the other tourists sitting outside the Einstein café lost in their maps and travel guides and you’ll find the unassuming building hosting the Stasi Ausstellung to your right. The building itself, despite its modest looks, is rich of history: one of the most ancient trade building in town have seen the merchant replaced by Nazis first and Stasi agents later, and finally a museum. Which is a procedure apparently applied to most buildings in Berlin.
    Not only the entrance is free but you can also pick a free audio guide (available in several languages) providing a detailed explanation of the whole exhibition, and a nice booklet summarizing all of its content. You will need all of this if you cannot read German.
    The only other person visiting while I was there had the privilege of being personally escorted by a member of staff. He surely was a journalist or university professor, but next time I’ll give it a go and send them an email in advance.

    That’s all for the day, enough culture to get us ready for tomorrow’s action. Now it’s time to head back to some nice café to read the leaflets and let the information settle in your brain.

    Move on to the second day of our tour

    Yesterday we’ve learnt all we need to know about how life was in the DDR and how the Stasi operated, today it’s time to dip into the thick of it, visiting what were the neuralgic centres of the feared secret police. Once to blank spots on the Berlin map, now the former headquarters and police are open for visits. Despite their remoteness – for obvious secrecy reasons they’ve been set up in the desolate Lichtenberg – and they scarce advertisement they enjoy, they were bustling with visitors mainly school kids.

    Today schedule is pretty intense, physically and emotionally, and there is some travelling involved so an early start is recommended.

    Day 2


    Stasi Museum

    Address: Ruschestraße 103, 10365 Berlin
    Opening Hours: Mon-Fri 10am – 6pm / Sat-Sun 12am – 6pm
    Phone: +49 30 5536854 / Website / email
    Tickets: €5 / €4

    At my arrival I thought I’ve been victim of a bad joke, or that I wasn’t informed that the Stasi was back to their headquarters, fully operational. The museum and former offices occupy a whole block of a cube of concrete so big that makes your neck hurt, so grey it make you grasp for air. The enormous yard hidden inside this square of buildings, was the deserted with the exception of a man briskly walking and the occasional tumble weed, everything was quiet as if some very secret business is carried on. Probably what happened here was so tremendous that walls, windows and the ill-looking shrubs, preserve a sort of memory that is transmitted to the visitors in form of intimidation. I walked hesitantly through the door and I had a confirmation that my fears were real when the cold glare of the desk receptionist struck me like a laser icicle.
    The museum can be visited independently but the vastity of the exhibition and the signs written mostly only in German make a guided tour desirable. There’s no extra cost but tours are organised for groups of at least 10 people. I recommend writing them at least a couple of weeks earlier, so that they can set something up for you, perhaps joining a few lone travellers and small groups together. I emailed them only two days before and, after being told off in typical German fashion, I was said I could join a group at 10am. The group was in fact a class of teenage English students – as the austere receptionist pointed out – I was panting and perspiring (it’s a short walk from the U-Bahn unless you get directed to the opposite direction by an ill-willing citizen) and I sidled up to one of the teacher who jumped as I had attacked her on a dark rainy night in Brixton. Not a good start. For a while I stuck to them, mostly hiding behind corners or pretending to be looking elsewhere, receiving suspicious looks from teachers and students.

    The guy was passionate and competent, and I would have listened to him forever, but he was spending hours in each room and the situation was getting dangerously awkward, so I left them at the first floor, which was dedicated to the historic context, and moved upstairs to the perfectly preserved offices. This is where the higher ranks of the Stasi used to work, and it’s quite obvious that the aim – and possibly the results – of the interior designers were to make everyone feel an anonymous, grey, insignificant part of a bigger machine. The absence of colours is striking, everything is in every hue of grey: brownish-grey, dark green-grey, mustard-grey. And, of course, forget computers, posters and USB rocket launchers. Everything in those offices is simple and essential: a typing machine, a telephone, a box with some buttons. And lots of empty space. Even Erich Mielke’s office, despite being the Supreme Master of Evil, was identical to the others, except for the fact that it gives you the creeps thinking of the viciousness that dwelt here for four decades.

    The upper floor is more entertaining and if possible more crude. Here are displayed the advanced technologies used to spy the population’s everyday life and the smuggling techniques employed to counterfeit the terror.

    There are some weird things such as cameras hidden in bird boxes, or cameras in dust bins triggered by the pedal opening the lid, but also shockingly advanced pieces of tech:a camera hidden behind a coat button which is as old as me and as big as my mobile phone. All this courtesy of Siemens, and it comes natural to think that the technology behind the devices we carry in our pockets today came at cost of many lives. On the other hand carrying people out of the DDR or smuggling in books and other western goods was all a matter of creativity and little means. It’s like a battle between cunning, bold humans, and deadly robots from the future. Like Terminator.

    Stasi Prison: Hohenschönhausen

    Address: Genslerstraße 66, D-13055 Berlin
    Opening Hours: Mon-Fri 10am – 6pm
    Phone: +49 30 232450 / Website (in German) / email
    Tickets: €5 / €2.5

    Of all the stops in our “Stasi tour” this is one not to be missed. Try to pronounce the word “Hohenschonhausen“; if you get it right you might give yourself a cold shiver down the spine. This terrorizing prison can only be visited with a guide, and tours in English are run once a day at 14.30. If you understand German not only you can enjoy more flexibility but you are likely to get a former inmate as a guide and I’ve been ensured it’s pretty intense.

    The tour starts with a 30 minutes video delivering interesting facts and shocking figures. The next step is the infamous U-Boat, the submarine. Originally used by the Nazis as food storage it has been turned by the Soviets into a fearful underground jail, like those you might see in Rambo movies, where prisoners were kept for days in few inches of ice-cold water, or in a padded, dark and isolated room, without food or even a bucket. It’s quite gripping to know that someone here managed to be even more evil and sick than Hitler’s troops.
    Our tour leads next to the newly built prison block, despite being slowed down by a big Iranian man who stops at every cell looking around lost as if he was thinking of how to decorate it. The building is, in typical soviet fashion, grey and depressing. It reminds me the hostel where I stayed in Bratislava, except for the rooms which are way better here.

    The cells in fact look like single room, with a large bed (where the Iranian man sits with loud creakings, probably considering a nap), a basin and a cupboard, luxury. Someone points that out to our guide, which agrees and explains why. This was all a cunning psychological trick to make the inmates remember how it was to be alive: in fact they didn’t have any belongings to put in the cupboard, they couldn’t sit on the bed during the day, nor they could do any exercise if not standing, the window is bright but the thick glass impedes any sight of the outer world. And so on, down to details to clever and sick to make you doubt of the good nature of the human race. At the end of the tour we reach the “tiger cage”, where well behaved prisoners were taken for a glimpse of sky and fresh air and the Iranian man is invited to talk. He explain to us how he’s been through the same treatment and torture in his country, just 3 years ago before managing to escape to France. This made me think of how deeply these horrors belong to the human nature, wondering how many people are being tortured right now. It also explains the strange behaviour of this man in the cells and make me consider what a massive dick-head I’ve been judging him.

    This was a very intense day, I couldn’t leave the building without first smoking a cigarette next to two old guides, wishing I could speak enough German at least to express my sympathy. I also couldn’t leave Lichtenberg before finding my way back to the tram, which proved more difficult than I thought. Just remember to walk straight ahead as you leave the gates, in case you don’t have a map with you.

  • London – Gatwick Airport and Back

    London – Gatwick Airport and Back

    Gatwick airport is located nearly 28 miles south of London and it’s well linked to the city. It is conveniently located if you’re staying in the south-western area (around Victoria station, which is where most of the hotels are), but the airport is not always the main criterium to select a flight, is it? If your low cost plane flies to and/or from Gatwick, chances are that it will be at some inconvenient time, so it’s better to be ready for the city transfer in order to avoid some last minute panic (eventually ending with a costly cab ride).

    London – Gatwick connection by:

    • Train
    • Bus
    • Taxi
    • Sleeping rough at the Airport

    Train

    The train station is inside the airport, in the South terminal. To get to and from the North terminal there is a shuttle train.

    Gatwick Express

    If you want to get to London as quick as possible, cutting the airport transfer time, your best solution is Gatwick Express (www.gatwickexpress.com) high speed train that links Victoria Station in London to the airport in just half an hour. It’s more convenient to book it online as it’s cheaper and it would avoid you the queues at the vending machines at the airport. Getting a return ticket helps reducing the price even further.

    One-wat ticket: £19.90 (at the desk), £17.75 (online)
    Return ticket: £34.90 (at the desk), £31.05 (online)

    National Rail

    A solution which is slower (even if with a narrow margin sometimes) but definitely cheaper, is the local train. If it stops at every station it might take up to a hour, but it also costs half the Gatwick Express. If you check the National Rail website (nationalrail.co.uk) you might find special rates, even on trains nearly as fast as the Express. The rates fluctuate according to many factors such as the season, the day of the week, the hour, and go from roughly £8 to £20 each way. Overnight trains serve Gatwick airport every half hour from St Pancras and Black Friars, slightly less frequently from Victoria and London Bridge.

    To know more about the best ways to save money read the article about getting around Britain on the cheap.

    Bus

    If your flight is at some ridiculous time of the night (which might as well be the case if you’re flying low cost), or if value money over time (same as previous parenthetic), then you might want to opt for the bus. The national company (called, with a certain lack of imagination, National Express, www.nationalexpress.com), as well as other private companies such Terravision and Easybus, provide this service at any time of the day or the night. The price is usually between £5 and £9 each way, but EasyBus, if booked in advance, might be even cheaper. Consider though that their drop-off and pick-up point is near the West Brompton tube station.

    Important: Since I’ve seen too many people getting this wrong, I need to point out that the bus terminal is Victoria Coach Station, at the junction between Buckingham Palace Road and Elizabeth Street, 5 minutes walk (10 if you’re loaded with luggage) from the tube station.  If you’re getting here by taxi make sure that the cab driver is informed before you get in the car (or when you make the phone reservation) and that he’s aware of the difference: you need to go at the Coach Station, not at the tube or bus station. This is the map and post code, to avoid any misunderstanding: Victoria Coach Station, SW1W 9TP

    Taxi

    If you are staying in a central-south-west area of London, or you’re travelling in a group of 3-4 people, the cab is an option to be seriously considered. Especially if you’re travelling late night or early morning. The wisest thing to do is to ask the reception or whoever is hosting you, for the best local taxi companies.

    Sleeping rough in Gatwick

    If you have a early morning flight and none of the options above are appealing or feasible, then the benches in the airport are your only choice left! I’ve only checked the South Terminal and it offers an area suitable for overnight stays: lounge chairs and seat that, despite not being able to provide the most comfortable sleep of your life, are better than the average. The area, next to cafe nero, is quite bright so an eye mask might help.

    Anyone tried the North Terminal?

  • Sunset on Mandalay Hill

    Sunset on Mandalay Hill

    On our first day in Myanmar, we still believed that we could draft up a list of things we wanted to do and follow it. One of the obstacles to our plans was Maung Maung, a man different than all the others offering their taxi services: curly hair, thick wool sweater and exuberant personality. It was not long before we were heading towards Mandalay Hill, sharing the car with a French couple. Maung Maung entertained us with jokes, mostly political in a display of defiance, and when we arrived at destination he let us go without payment “I’ll wait you here“. A suspicious bell rang in our heads as we exchanged a quick look, but we accepted nevertheless. We would have needed a ride later and it was worth relying on him.

    The roofed stairway crawls up the side of the hill until the Sutaungpyei Pagoda at its top and, being a sacred place, it has to be tread barefoot. We left our sandals with a lady at the entrance and we planted our bare soles on the cold, dirty surface of the first stone step. It did get easier soon but our first contact with the local germs and fungi sent a shiver up our spine. The climb is less than 30 minutes and offers an interest insight: all along the stairway there are little souvenir shops which are also where people actually live. The terrace of the Pagoda offers a wide view on the city, the sunset raises a mist from the moat around the Royal Palace, surrounding it in a mysterious light. Despite the amount of people the atmosphere was quiet and friendly, people sat in circle talking to monks, others knelt in front of some of the many Buddha effigies.

    Before we even noticed it the light dimmed as dusk descended… how long had we spent there? Was Muang Muang still going to be there waiting for us? We shot down the stairway, avoiding the multitude of dozy dogs and waving at the families closing up shop while cooking dinner in front of the telly. Of course our driver was still there, we were actually within the agreed time and he still had to cash in. But he looked less enthusiastic than when we left him, and he wanted to upsell us some tour.
    The more resolutely he insisted the more stubbornly we declined. The more we declined his offers the more he became disappointed and pushy. Eventually he told one of his jokes, and normal service was resumed.

    Probably your best bet for a taste of local cuisine is one of the numerous, often nameless, tea houses along the road: concrete floor, plastic chairs, green tea bottle always on the table. However they seemed to be a long shot from the hygienic standards we are used to and we wanted to get accustomed more gradually. So we opted for the Lashio Lay, suggested on our brilliant guide: typical Shan food and slightly more clean than the average, without being a polished anodyne eatery for squeamish tourists. It was so good that during our stay we ate there three times. The staff was friendly, English was not widely spoken there but it was not necessary as there isn’t a menu and orders are taken as “point at what you want”. All of their food is displayed in tubs at the entrance, you tell them what you’d like to eat and they’ll serve you the little dishes with a huge bowl of steamed rice, a soup and their green tea.

    Back at the hotel we were reminded by the staff that it was Christmas and we accepted their invitation to join the party at the top floor. The view was good, there are not many tall buildings, but everything was so dark that all we could spot was some lonely vehicle’s headlight slowly piercing the pitch-black road. We were the only tourists in the majestic saloon, with as many staff members as customers. On the stage the amateur band was testing out their acoustic repertoire of international classics and local tunes, completely ignored by the guys necking a bottle of Johnny Walker at the table near us. I know the description doesn’t make it all glamorous, and in fact it wasn’t, but it was somehow brilliant and we absolutely enjoyed it even if we probably arrived a bit too late and miss the climax of the party.
    The waitress brought us more beer, with some chapati-like snacks while the band silently packed up and left the room and the last scooter wobbled along the road, under the windows.

  • Milan Central Station: My Favourite Worst Nightmare

    Milan Central Station: My Favourite Worst Nightmare

    What a nice way to welcome visitors to Milan, I think, wading my way under the pouring rain through the people selling umbrellas and offering trolley services for heavy suitcases, crowding around the bus from Malpensa airport on the dark pavement next to the Station.

    Milan Central Station is an imposing building, of typical fascist grandeur, representing their ideals of strength, austerity, and Roman legacy, though remaining quite attractive. It’s been recently renovated and, besides the dimly lit, long, ancient stairs that have put to a test the fitness of countless travellers running up with their heavy luggage, there are shiny and slow treadmills parading through the luxury shops. The result of the makeover is that the interiors of the station has been turned, unsurprisingly, into a high-market shopping mall.

    Leave the station and you will find the confusing mess of taxis to the right and buses to the left and, at the front, the familiar faces of homeless and junkies who survived the redevelopment, keeping themselves busy arguing, staring at the void, necking cheap strong lager and occasionally fighting.

    Enter the gutters to the underground station and you’ll get the full package, with gypsies trying to trick naive tourists helping them to use the ticket vending machine in exchange of some coins, or other aiming straight to their pockets without even going through the effort.

    And contemplating all this I find some harmony and, mostly, a great consistency: unintentionally the bulky central station managed to hone itself, through the years, to a perfect representation of what Milan is: old architecture and hyper-modern shops, ladies in fur coats hovering past homeless rummaging in the dirt, hopeful technology and hopeless inefficiency.
    I walk away while two illegal vendors abandon their jumble to attack a gypsy who just managed to score a rather surprised tourist.

    Is it wrong to feel a certain affection for such a controversial place?

  • Food in Berlin… more than just Currywurst!

    Food in Berlin… more than just Currywurst!

    When travelling my favourite thing is try to learn how locals live and, even if for just a few days, try to live with them. Food is an important part of everyone’s life and bars, pubs and restaurants are those places where you can get a nice angle of the local lifestyle. Once you avoid the tourist traps with white table cloths and anodyne international menus.

    I have to admit that during our stay in Berlin we didn’t treat ourselves properly in terms of food. Walking all day and trying to see as much as possible, we ended up feeding mostly on kebabs and the magic combo pretzel+beer, but we’ve been lucky enough to score some good discovery.

    Currywurst

    We got to Berlin craving Currywurst, even though we weren’t sure of what that is we’ve heard so much about it that eating one was on top of our list. The first eye contact has been quite disappointing: three american guys walk out of a kebab shop holding a tray containing what looks like a depressed sliced wurstel drowned in ketchup. Technically a currywurst is nothing more than that, with a sprinkle of curry powder on top, and that pathetic version is pretty much what you get at most of the shops. However the real experience is to have a proper one. The most recommended currywurst can be found at the Konnopke Imbiss, next to the Eberswalder Straße station. Unfortunately, and I blame it on the less than exact directions on our guide book, we couldn’t find it, but we went instead to the butcher (metzgerei) next to the bahn station where we were served huge and tasty homemade currywurst. You can also have a sit and taste their other products.
    Anyway you can find the famous Konnopke Imbiss under the rail bridge just leaving the metro station and walking south along Schönhauser Allee. This is the google map, just in case.

    Restaurant: Aufsturz

    Oranienburg Strasse 67
    Tel: +49 30 28 04 74 07 Website: www.aufsturz.de
    Open everyday until midnight.

    Update 28/10/2013: I’ve been back to Aufsturz and unfortunately the menu drastically changed. No more hearty german food but more snack and pub grubs. Probably the Berliner Teller (cheese and salamis platter) is the option. However the place is always very nice, the staff is friendly and they have something like 100 beers to choose from.

    Too much words for a wurstel, let’s now talk about a real restaurant. This is the only one we visited, which gives us a 100% score on finding great places to eat! It’s called Aufsturz, in Oranienburger Straße, not far from the namesake S-Bahn station, and we spotted it passing by on one of the trams going to and from Alexander Platz. Lovely cozy place, it looks like a local favourite, crowded with Berliners, and I think we were the only tourist there. A good sign is that the menu is written only in German and the friendly waiters didn’t seem used to speaking english to their customers. Thanks to my unsuspected linguistic skills we manage somehow to order a gulash with red kraut and knodeln, and spätzle (like think noodles) topped with cheese and crispy onions. This scrumptious dinner was washed down with 4 large beers and closed off with a dessert (keiserschmarrn con zwetschgenroster) that alone could have been a satisfying meal, all for little more than €30 for two which, to me, sounds like a real bargain.

    The walls were all adorned with paintings to give it an artsy-but-not-pretentious look and, at one end of the restaurant next to the toilets there’s the entrance to the club. But we were too replete to even think of going in.

    Café am Kamin

    Falckensteinstrasse 18
    Wi-Fi: €1/h

    Update 28/10/2013: Back to the Kamin, I was a little disappointed. Perhaps because this doesn’t keep up the competition with the other brilliant cafés in Kreuzberg, but the coffee was just about alright and the muffin was stale. Still a good place in winter as they have lovely soup.

    Another random encounter was with Café am Kamin on our first day of visit, right outside the Görlitzer Park in Kreuzberg, and we fell in love with it. It’s on Falckensteinstrasse, which goes from the park all the way to the famous and enormous Blu’s graffitis in Cuvrystrasse. It’s ideal for coffee and cake, but also for a warm soup (the potato soup is delicious). It’s a small cozy place, with a fireplace that will make it very difficult to leave during a cold winter day.

    Chocolate

    Surely everyone is familiar with the perfectly square shape of a Ritter sport chocolate bar, but did you know that the Headquarters are based in Berlin? We didn’t, and it’s been a great surprise when we’ve been led in the official store, in 24 Französische Straße (there’s a U-Bahn station nearby). Not only it’s a colourful chocolatey Ritter heaven, but you can get a customised chocolate bar! You choose the chocolate and the other ingredients and they melt it and create it right in front of you, which is really cool. You’ll have to wait half an hour for the chocolate to cool down before you can put your hand on it, so you’ve got plenty of time to buy more of the super-cheap chocolate in store. No pictures are available for this place because the photographer was out of control.

    Another great place for chocolate lovers is Fassbender & Rausch in 60 Charlottenstrasse, majestic shop. It’s like a chocolate sanctuary, in fact you’ll see proper chocolate sculpture and even a fountain. Hint: it’s not water that comes out of it. Hard to resist…

  • Orangutans: Interesting Facts to Know

    Orangutans: Interesting Facts to Know

    Orangutans are beautiful apes which have several different characteristics than other apes, such as chimpanzees and gorillas. There are many interesting orangutan facts that differentiate it from other mammals and make it unique.

    Orangutans are the only Great Apes to live in Asia. In fact, they live in Indonesia and Malaysia and are found in the rainforests of Sumatra and Borneo.

    The word “orangutan” comes from the languages of these two countries and means “person of the forest”. Orangutans spend their life in rainforests swinging from tree to tree. They move very gracefully on trees even though they are significantly heavy; as an adult male orangutan can weigh up to 82kg! They are in fact the largest arboreal animals as they can grow up to five feet.

    Another distinctive factor of orangutans is their reddish-brown hair, as they are the only apes whose hair is not brown or black. Male orangutans also have cheek pads which make recognizing the sexes of orangutans easier.

    Their diet is also somewhat different to that of other apes as since orangutans spend the greatest part of their life on trees they eat mainly fruit. They also sleep in the trees, where they build nests each night from twigs and leaves.

    Another interesting fact about orangutans is that they tend to be solitary. While other apes live in groups, orangutans very often live alone. The only bonds between orangutans are those between a mother and its offspring. This bond tends to last for a long time as baby orangutans may be carried by their mothers until they are five years old. They may also keep on being breastfed until they are eight!

    In fact, orangutans have the slowest life of all mammals as they take the longest to grow and they even reproduce very slowly.

    Like all other Great Apes, orangutans are highly intelligent. They do not only use tools to help them get their food and go under leaves to help shelter from the rain, but they are also known to use objects in other creative ways. They may, for example, put things over their head in a playful manner, much like humans do, and detach large leaves from trees and wrap them around their bodies like a poncho to help them stay dry when it is raining.

    Like humans, orangutans are Great Apes, which, however differ from most others in various ways. These beautiful, arboreal creatures are extremely intelligent and it must be our duty to preserve them.